Subscribe:

SIGNUP- 5

.
Tramadol            Ultram
        Strong painkiller
Soma        Soma           Carisoprodol
Viagra     Levitra          Erectile dysfunction

Thursday, September 22, 2011

Lignocaine

General features of Lignocaine ( lidocaine )

  • It is most widely used LA
  • It is amino amide linked of local anesthetics [Other amino amide linked LAs are: Bupivacaine, Dibucaine, Etidocaine, Levobupivacaine, Prilocaine, Ropivacaine]
  • It blocks nerve conduction within 3 minutes after injection.
  • Lignocaine is rapid acting local anesthetics used in medical practice.
  • Nerve block is intermediate duration of efficacy approximately 60-120 minutes.
  • Adrenaline also used with lignocaine, which is vasocontrictor of arteries that delays the resorption of lignocaine resulting in increase duration of anesthesia almost two folds.
  • It is used for surface application for itching, burning and pain from superficial surfaces.
  • It is also used in nerve block, infiltration, epidural, spinal, dental anesthetics and intravenous regional block.
  • Most side effects are drowsiness, altered taste, tinnitus, mental clouding.
  • It is also used as antiarrhythmic drugs Class IB [ Na+ Channels blockers ( Membrane stabilizing agents)]. It is used intravenously for the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias.
  • Concentration used in general practice is usually 0.5% to 2%
Mechanism of action:
  • Lignocaine blocks nerve conduction by blocking the Fast Voltage gated Na+ channels in the neuronal cell membrane.
  • Sufficient blocks of neuronal cell membrane results in no depolarization of membrane of postsynaptic neuron and fails to transmit action potential.

Contraindications:

  1. Hypersensitivity reaction to lignocaine
  2. Heart block ( 2nd or 3rd degree )
  3. Severe SA block
  4. Combination with other antiarrhythics drugs: Class I antiarrhythmics drugs [ IA: (Qunidine, Disopyramide, Procainamide), IC: ( Flecainide, Propafenone ) and Class III ( Amiodarone Hcl )
  5. Hypotension
  6. Bradycardia
  7. Pacemaker

Adverse effects of lignocaine:

1, CNS effects: Occurs in lower doses
  • Convulsions
  • Nervousness
  • Tingling, tinnitus, tremore
  • Dizziness, Depression, Drowsiness
  • Blurred vision
  • Muscle twitching
  • Respiratory depression and arrest or apnea
  • Loss of consciousness or Coma or Seizures
2, CVS effects: Occurs in higher doses
  • Cardiac arrhythmias
  • Hypotension
  • Bradycardia
  • Cardiac arrest

- Lognocaine is metabolized in liver by CYP3A4, approximately 95% of metabolites
- Elimination half life is almostly 90-120 minutes. 
Comments
0 Comments

0 comments:

Post a Comment

Labels

abducens nerve (1) Actinomyces (1) AF (1) AF mnemonics (1) amnesia (1) anencephaly (1) anteflexed uterus (1) anteverted uterus (1) antiarrhythmic drugs (2) antiarrhythmic drugs classification and mnemonics (1) asthma (1) atrial fibrillation (1) atrial fibrillation mnemonics (1) b2 receptor (1) baccillen (1) bacillus (1) Bacteroids (1) beta 1 receptor (1) Beta adrenergic mnemonics (1) breech presentation (1) brow presentation (1) Bupivacaine (1) calcium antagonists (2) calcium channel blockers (2) car cardiac medicine (1) cardiac disease (1) cardiac medicine (1) cardiac tamponade (1) cardiology (1) cardiology mnemonics (1) catalase positive (1) catalase positive organisms mnemoincs (1) causes of eosinophilia (1) CCB (1) Ceasrean section (1) Clostridium (1) CN (1) constrictive pericarditis (1) cor pulmonale (1) digestive system (1) Easy mnemonics of marfan's syndrome (1) ebook (1) eosinophilia mnemonics (1) face presentation (1) fat digestion and absorption (1) fentanyl (1) files (1) forum (1) Gastrointestinal system (1) general anesthesia (1) gram positive bacilli mnemonics (1) Gynaecology and Obstetrics (2) Gynaecology and Obstetrics Quizs (3) halothane (1) heart b1 receptor (1) heart herve innervation (1) homocysteinuria mnemonics (1) iac disease (1) intrauterine devices quizzes (1) jugular venous pressure (1) jugular venous pulse (1) JVP (1) JVP waves (1) ketamine (1) LA (1) lidocaine (1) Lignocaine (2) lignocaine uses contraindication and mechanism of action (1) local anesthia mcq (1) loss of consciousness (1) LSCS (1) lungs b2 receptor (1) LUSCS (1) marfan's syndrome clinical features and diagnosis and treatment (1) marfan's syndrome mnemonics (1) mcq quizzes (2) Medical mnemonics (2) mesencephalon (1) Mesothelioma (1) Mesothelioma patients (1) mesothelioma treatment (1) Midbrain (1) Miscellaneous quizzes (1) MNEMONICS (3) mnemonics for causes of cor pulmonale (1) mnemonics structures of the midbrain (1) most commonest presentation in anencephaly (1) Mother's love (1) muscarinic receptor (1) Obligate anaerobes bacteria mnemonics (1) oculomotor nerve (1) optic nerve (1) Organophosphorus poisoning (1) Out of topics stuff (1) oxidase positive bacteria mnemonics (1) pathophysiology of cor pulmonale (1) pharmacology mcq quizzes (2) PHARMACOLOGY MNEMONICS (3) Pin point pupils (1) Pin point pupils mnemonics (1) Pinpoint pupils mnemonics (1) placental insulinase (1) pregnancy (1) Pregnancy induced diabetes mellitus (1) Pregnancy induced DM (1) pulmonary hypertension (1) PUNCHS Kills urease positive bacteria (1) retroflexed uterus (1) retroverted uterus (1) rganophosphorus poisoning nmenonics (1) right heart failure (1) shoulder presentation (1) SVT (1) Treponema (1) tricuspid stenosis (1) trochlear nerve (1) Urease +ve bacteria mnemonics (1) urease positive bacteria mnemonics (1) Uterus (1) what is the clinical significance of lower segment cesarean section? (1) What is the clinical significance of lower uterine segment? (1) What is the normal position of Uterus (1) which cranial nerves are found in the midbrain? (1) why pregnancy is diabetogenic (1)